منابع مشابه
Smart Pipes—Instrumented Water Pipes, Can This Be Made a Reality?
Several millions of kilometres of pipes and cables are buried beneath our streets in the UK. As they are not visible and easily accessible, the monitoring of their integrity as well as the quality of their contents is a challenge. Any information of these properties aids the utility owners in their planning and management of their maintenance regime. Traditionally, expensive and very localised ...
متن کاملRehabilitation Priority Determination of Water Pipes Based on Hydraulic Importance
This paper describes a study conducted to develop a method to facilitate more reliable determination of the rehabilitation priority order for water pipes by taking into account the pipes’ hydraulic importance. Existing methods use only the pipeline deterioration rate to determine the rehabilitation priority order. Accordingly, the deterioration rate under normal conditions and the hydraulic imp...
متن کاملColor-rendering of Daylight from Water-filled Light Pipes
Water-filled light pipes can be used to transport concentrated beam solar radiation from a solar collection system to a utilization system, altering the spectral distribution of the radiation in a beneficial way in the process. One use for such a system would be for the daylighting of the core interior spaces of buildings, spaces that are far removed from outside walls or the roof and are there...
متن کاملDetonation and Transition to Detonation in Partially Water-Filled Pipes
Detonations and deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) are experimentally studied in horizontal pipes which are partially filled with water. The gas layer above the water is stoichiometric hydrogen–oxygen at 1 bar. The detonation wave produces oblique shock waves in the water, which focus at the bottom of the pipe due to the curvature of the walls. This results in peak pressures at the bot...
متن کاملIncrustations in Water Pipes as Affected by Filamentous Iron Bacteria
Incrustations and other biological growths in water mains and distribution pipes cause considerable difficulties in water engineering. The control of such obstructions in the pipes, in most cases, largely depends upon the character and composition of the water and the nature of the pipe material. A few years ago some studies were carried out at Bangalore on the tubercular incrustations in water...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1894
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/051107b0